An Ethical Issue Essay Example for Free

An Ethical Issue Essay Euthanasia is a hotly debated ethical issue these days, and there are certain arguments for and against its practice. Arguments against euthanasia are usually based on the sanctity of life, and such arguments are often compatible with religion, but arguments for euthanasia concern individual liberty, and a desire to prevent more suffering than is absolutely necessary. In this paper, I intend to address arguments for and against euthanasia, and explain why it is an ethical issue, and conclude that euthanasia, in some cases, should be permissible. Euthanasia is defined as the painless termination of someone’s life, but the ethical dilemma surrounding the topic has to do with whether or not it is alright to euthanize someone who is in a vegetative state, and can no longer think for him or herself, and whether or not assisted suicide is morally acceptable. The first of these scenarios would entail someone, such as a family member or physician, ending the life of someone who is in great pain following an accident, but cannot express their own wishes (whether or not they wish to remain on a feeding tube, or on life support) because of physical body damage, and this is known as passive euthanasia. The other issue, the one of physician assisted suicide, entails someone like a physician assisting someone who is in great pain, but not in need of life support, in committing suicide, maybe by administering a lethal dose of medication, to alleviate the patient’s pain, and this is known as active euthanasia. Both active and passive euthanasia are highly debated ethical issues, as they concern the value of life, and whether or not people are justified in prolonging a life of anguish, or terminating a life of misery. Recently, there have been many controversial cases of euthanasia, or its possibility in cases where it seems necessary to some, such as the cases of Doctor Kevorkian, and Terry Schiavo. The main ethical issues in the cases where Dr. Kevorkian euthanized (performed physician-assisted suicide on) some of his patients regards whether or not a patient should have the potential to decide his or her own fate, and then whether or not a physician should be held accountable for supporting, and aiding in a patient’s decision to end his or her life. This fundamentally boils down to the question of whether or not someone can choose to end their life when that person is in constant pain, but the issue would be complicated by the efforts needed in determining who is in enough pain to be permitted to actively end his or her life, which brings up the question of why everyone cannot choose to terminate their lives. And patients in hospitals do have the right to passively kill themselves, by starving, or refusing treatment, so in some cases, when a patient is prepared to take such measures to end his or her life, it would seem morally permissible for a physician to painlessly facilitate that patient’s suicide. In the case of someone’s euthanasia by the pulling of a feeding tube or the termination of life support, the ethical dilemma surrounds the family, or physician’s authority, when it comes to forcing the person who has brain damage to forfeit medical attention. A patient who is not in a vegetative state can refuse treatment, as that is not actively killing him or herself, but the question in the case of passive euthanasia is whether or not anyone other than the patient who might or might not refuse treatment due to severe pain if he or she were not in a vegetative state would have the authority to pull the plug on that person’s behalf, if the patient had not made his or her desired wishes clear. Religion plays a huge roll in helping people to believe that euthanasia should not be morally permissible, as most religions include some aspect about the sanctity of life, and based on that, they discourage suicide or killing in any form. Christianity in particular regards suicide as a sin, and that makes it difficult for people who wish to die because they are in too much pain, but their religion preaches against suicide. It is even against the law to commit suicide, but lately there have been questions coming out about whether people who are intensely pained by there illness should be exempt from this law, and whether or not doctors would be allowed to aid these suffering patients by providing them with lethal pills, or putting them to sleep by giving them extra doses of their medication. This is active euthanasia, where a patient, or doctor, or the combination of the two, take action to terminate life, rather than let it painfully continue for a long time, as the patient takes medicine and food, or making it drag on for a short, immensely painful period in the case where a patient refuses medication and food. For the most part, any argument against euthanasia must somehow be based on a view that life is sacred, and should never be sacrificed, at any cost, even when there is great pain to be dealt with if the life is prolonged. â€Å"Religious people dont argue that we cant kill ourselves, or get others to do it,† a BBC article about religion and ethics reports. â€Å"They know that we can do it because God has given us free will. Their argument is that it would be wrong for us to do so. They believe that every human being is the creation of God, and that this imposes certain limits on us. Our lives are not only our lives for us to do with as we see fit. To kill oneself, or to get someone else to do it for us, is to deny God, and to deny Gods rights over our lives and his right to choose the length of our lives and the way our lives end. † This summarizes a religious viewpoint that holds that euthanasia is not morally permissible. But for people who are not religious, a more basic argument in favor of euthanasia seems to arise, and that is simply whether or not people should be allowed to forfeit their lives if they are completely unsatisfied with them, or are severely pained by them. So, that might concern a simple case where someone is slowly dying of a terrible disease, and his medication deters the pain to some degree, but he is still miserable. Should that person be allowed to actively (or request that a physician actively) end his life, because he would rather forfeit his life than live on in pain and suffering? That seems to be a highly controversial issue, and from this perspective, it seems that euthanasia should be supported, at least to some degree. This could easily be a pro-euthanasia argument, as the person in pain has the right to forego medication, and refuse food and other life-sustaining attributes, which would lead to the patient’s death after a period of maximal pain, but the patent, without euthanasia, would not have the right to forfeit his life without enduring the pain from the scenario where he refuses treatment if active euthanasia is not permissible. â€Å"Some experts are gunning for a compromise. Zhu Tiezhi, a media commentator,† A China Daily article reports, â€Å"suggests the right-to-die prerequisites: the applicant must have a terminal illness that causes agonizing pain, and the diagnosis must be verified by at least two doctors; the applicant must be in a clear state of mind when he applies for it, and the application process should be repeated at least twice to make sure it is not a spur-of-the-moment thought. † This article was written after a patient who had throat cancer jumped out of a window to end his life after he was told that physicians were unable to assist him in doing so. So it seems that in certain cases, euthanasia is a more humane way for one to end his or her life than to manufacture a way him or herself. Our job is to save lives, and we dont have the right to mercy killing, said an official at the Changsha hospital,† an official at the hospital in the Hunan Province of China, where the man committed suicide, stated. But in certain cases, lives may only be prolonged, painfully, for a short time, so euthanasia would then represent a painless way of alleviating a suffering patient’s agony. â€Å"Chantal Sebire knows shes forcing people to make an agonizing decision, but agony is something she knows far too much about,† Bruce Crumley includes in his article, entitled Making a Case for Euthanasia. â€Å"The 52- year-old Dijon schoolteacher suffers from a rare disease that has left her disfigured by facial tumors, which will also damage her brain over time and eventually kill her. Her demand that French political leaders loosen laws against euthanasia has been rebuffed, so Sebire now awaits a judges decision on whether existing legislation allows doctors to assist her in ending her pain-racked life. ‘I no longer accept this enduring pain, and this protruding eye that nothing can be done about,’† Crumley writes. And unfortunately, the legal system of most countries do not recognize euthanasia as a permissible alternative to prolonged suffering, which causes many to live on in pain, wishing that they could terminate their lives instead of continuing on in agony. This seems like a reasonable right that everyone should be entitled to exercise if the time is right. People should not be forced to, because of the legal issues surrounding the issue, and anyone (such as a physician) involved, be forced to live on in agony when they could end it all by euthanasia. It seems that laws forbidding active euthanasia, or mercy killings, is based on the principle that all life is sacred, and that even extreme suffering should be fundamentally imposed on people if it could occur without their death. So death is legally regarded as impermissible when it is in any way caused by man. But what about the death penalty? There is a scenario where the government does not view life as the most sacred institution, so if exceptions are allowed, why not provide one that alleviates the constant suffering and agonies that plague people who have certain medical conditions, but are not allowed to self-terminate? â€Å"A French woman suffering from an incurable and disfiguring cancer was found dead on Wednesday, two days after a court rejected her request for medical assistance to help end her life, a source close to the government said,† an article from reuters. com reported of the woman who had petitioned to have a physician assist her in suicide. â€Å"Chantal Sebire, 52, whose face was swollen and distorted by a rare tumour in her sinuses, won heavy media coverage and the compassion of many French people in her bid to set a legal precedent for patients like her seeking to end their suffering. A court in the eastern city of Dijon ruled on Monday that Sebire could not have a doctor help her die because it would breach both the code of medical ethics and the law, under which assisted suicide is a crime. † But it seems that the code of medical ethics should make exceptions in certain cases of euthanasia. Forcing someone to die slowly in accordance with some debilitating disease is in no way more ethical or more humane than permitting that person to terminate his or her life painlessly. â€Å"After nine years, 130 deaths, and six trials, ‘Dr. Death’ Jack Kevorkian finally faces jail time for killing a desperate man who came to him for ‘help’ and found only death,† Liz Townsend writes in her article, Kevorkians Nine-Year Euthanasia Crusade Leads to Murder Conviction. â€Å"Thomas Youks death by lethal injection, administered directly by Kevorkian and nationally televised on 60 Minutes, led to a second-degree murder conviction March 26, but Youk was only one of many people who died to advance Kevorkians euthanasia crusade. ‘We believe the verdict should have been premeditated murder, but were very elated by the second-degree verdict,’ said Diane Coleman of the disability-rights group Not Dead Yet, according to the Associated Press. ‘We want to see Jack Kevorkian imprisoned for life. Its clear he has no respect for people with disabilities. ’ But is assisted suicide really a violation of the rights of someone who is disabled? In cases of physician-assisted suicide, the patient would not think so. A violation of the rights of the disabled would be ignoring a plea for assisted suicide, which would end pain and suffering. But perhaps the most basic argument for permissability of euthanasia, in at least extreme cases, should be in regards to everyone’s personal liberty. By that argument, people may say that everyone should have the right to do as they please when it concerns their own body. But an argument against personal liberty might state that similar arguments would allow drug use and other impermissible activities. So What is to be done? It seems that the best thing to do would be to, when physician’s can gauge someone’s mental aptitude, allow them to actively euthanize themselves, or assist him or her in doing so, if the patient is mentally competent, and wishes to end his or her life. And in the case of a family pulling the plug on someone (passive euthanasia) it should be permissible at all times if the patient had previously expressed a desire to die rather than remain on life support. Works Cited Appleton, Michael et al. At Home with Terminal Illness: A Family Guide to Hospice in the Home. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995. Barnard, C Good Life, Good Death a Doctors Case for Euthanasia and Suicide. Hbk 146pp Prentice-Hall 1980. Bold and provocative work by the famous heart surgeon. Battin, Margaret P. The Death Debate: Ethical Issues in Suicide. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1996. The Law Society the British Medical Association. Assessment of Mental Capacity Guidance for Doctors Lawyers. Pbk 152pp British Medical Association 1995. Randall, F, Downie, R. Palliative Care Ethics A Good Companion Pbk, 202pp Oxford University Press 1996.

Analogues of a Fabliau Essay -- Chaucer Canterbury Tales Fabliau Essay

Analogues of a Fabliau Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales in many different genres and from a variety of sources. He took ideas from other authors and made them his own through adding and changing details, which in turn could cause the meaning of the story to change. The adaptations could alter the tone of the story; it could be made more sarcastic, humorous or serious. He also wrote in many different genres. One genre that Chaucer worked with is the fabliau. A fabliau is a short story that is usually written in verse about low or middle class people. It is more obscene than other stories, primarily through sexual situations. It is presented to be comical against marriage. The sexual obscenity became more vulgar as it was written down, because only then was there more of a separation between courtly and vulgar actions. (Muscatine 568-570) Benson describes the fabliau as, â€Å"a brief comic tale in verse, usually scurrilous and often scatological or obscene. The style is simple, vigorous, and straight-forward...† (7) One critic, Charles Muscatine, believes that the old French fabliau lacked much plot structure. (Vaszily, 523-542) However, one element like this is insufficient to classify in a genre. There are other short stories that are kept short and concise that are not fabliaux. Also, another trait of fabliaux is that the humor is â€Å"attached to the structure itse lf† rather than in â€Å"the way in which the story is told.† (Vaszily) One common plot for a fabliau is a love triangle. The triangle is often formed with an old husband, a young wife and another young man. As Vaszily points out, though, Chaucer has other tales that are not fabliaux, which have this plot. Muscatine refers to the content of fa... ...rk, 1971. Bodel, Jean. â€Å"Gombert and the Two Clerks.† 1190-1194: Pp. 89-99 Anonymous. â€Å"The Miller and the Two Clerks.† Thirteenth Century. Blanch, Robert J and Wasserman, Julian N. â€Å"The Advocate: Law, fabliaux, and the journey to modernism.† Literature/Film Quarterly. Salsbury, 2001: 303-315. Dunn, E Catherine. â€Å"The spirit of the fourteenth century.† Modern Age. Wilmington, Summer 2001: 268-271. Muscatine, Charles. â€Å"Medieval Literature, Style and Culture: Essays by Charles Muscatine.† Journal of English and Germanic Philology. Urbana, Oct 2001: 568-570. The Geoffrey Chaucer Home Page. URL: http://icg.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer Copyright President and Fellows of Harvard College. Last Modified: Jan 20, 2002. Vaszily, Scott. â€Å"Fabliau plotting against romance in Chaucer’s Knight’s Tale.† Style. Dekalb, Fall 1997: 523-542.

Canadian Wood Toys INC. Essay

I will begin by highlighting the importance of the audit in assessing the risk and identifying the steps in reducing and mitigating the risk that our company is facing. The impact of the risks on global business it is dramatic in our days, changing the entire look of the industries and financial services. Some risks could be anticipated and identified but some could not. Companies now are using more and more key steps and principles to better manage the risks by; *** identifying the risks relevant to the organization *** assess the significance and implications of those risks to the business *** identify and establish a process for collaboration on risk mitigation with other organizations and partners *** integrate Enterprise Risk Management into the organization *** focus resources on key risks in order to achieve the organization’s objectives (Source – PricewaterhouseCoopers – effective ERM) Under IAA Standard 2120 – Risk Management: â€Å"The internal audit activity must evaluate the effectiveness and contribute to the improvement of risk management processes.† Practice advisory 2120.C1 states: –â€Å"During consulting engagements, internal auditors must address risk consistent with the engagement’s objectives and be alert to the existence of other significant risks. In manufacturing companies, production is usually the most important aspect of the entire process mostly due to the high cost incurred, the staffing and the complexity of the departments involved – Production is of vital concern to management because of the important risks associated with the process. I have identified some of the most important risks and how to manage the risks to minimize the impact. Along with the  production process, other areas can be identified as posing risks; distribution, finance, human resources †¦ I have identified below some of the risks with the highest impact in our company: KEY RISKSMITIGATON (examples) The risk of manufacturing defective or substandard products Determine the cause of the quality defect (human error or machine) Trend analysis reports to address the recurrence of the defects The risk of missing deadlines for toys deliveries at Christmas time Review the production scheduling to agree with the specific job orders to avoid overproduction of toys that are not scheduled for delivery The risk of labor insecurity; potential strikes Review labor contracts and minimum wage government regulations; negotiations with union and labor boards The risk of unknown competition on international markets Use various econometric and statistical analysis to monitor the movement of market interest The risk of foreign exchange Use a foreign exchange contract Accept payment in one currency only (US) Hedging of foreign exchange Risk of unanticipated or sudden changes in regulations, codes or standards in regards to the exploitation of the wood and equipment and machineries used The company has to be actively involved in the development of regulations, codes and standards to further improve the safety of the equipment The risk of damage to ecology, scenery – due to over exploitation of forestry Use environmental mitigation programs able to protect and restore the forest Government fire protection programs The risk of accidents in the process of transportation of the logs Regular monitoring of the vehicles Checking drivers hours of work – implementing special schedule of hours Risk of loss of licensing for cutting and harvesting the trees Renewal in advance of the licenses, request from government of auditing the harvesting areas The risk of logging and lumbering fire damage and vehicle damage Forestry and timber Insurance that focuses on logging and lumbering, sawmills, automobiles and equipment The risk related to the liquidity and payment schedules which could lead to credit losses Establish rules for tendering, levels of approval authority and rules for credit control The risk of reporting erroneous financial information for internal and external decision Use external appraisers to evaluate fair value of assets and properties Senior managers should assess their financial reports to determine when they require estimates based on significant judgment; And ensure that independent expertise is applied in deriving the reports The risk mitigation step involves development of mitigation plans designed to manage, eliminate, or reduce risk to an acceptable level. Once a plan is implemented, it is continually monitored to assess its efficacy with the intent of revising the course-of-action if needed. I would like to reiterate as stated in the IAA Standards that the organization should fully understand that management remains responsible for risk management. As Internal auditors, we should provide advice, and challenge or support management’s decisions on risk, as opposed to making risk management decisions. Below are some of the responsibilities that will not fall under the audit team: †¢ Setting the risk appetite. †¢ Imposing risk management processes. †¢ Management assurance on risks. †¢ Taking decisions on risk responses. †¢ Implementing risk responses on management’s behalf. †¢ Accountability for risk management. Question 4 MEMO To: Director of Internal audit Department From: †¦. Assistant Director Internal audit Date: October 06, 2014 CC: As requested, I have prepared a plan for auditing the division of Student Services as part of the Central College Institution. I will detail 6 steps in the audit process but firstly I want to highlight the Standard 2200, Practice Advisory 2200-1 that states the requirements for the engagements planning and outlines the steps. â€Å"Internal auditors must develop and plan for each engagement, including the engagement’s objectives, scope, timing and resource allocations†. â€Å"The Internal auditor plans and conducts the engagement, with supervisory review and approval† 1. The first step is: To obtain specific knowledge of the unit to be audited. In this stage of the process we will gather and review the specific documentation that will help us getting more familiar with the division of food service – residential and campus. Some of the documents we will be reviewing: The annual budget; we have information about how much the overall budget is (8.9mil.); need to know how much is allocated to the food service program and how is spent. Policies and procedures Previous internal audit papers and reports List of the staff; org charts Contracts with food suppliers Documented projects and how the implementation process took place Upon reviewing of the documents we will be able to assess the problems that incurred; it will help us identify any managerial mistakes, any miscommunication between suppliers and management; if there is enough staffing 2. The second step in the audit plan is to: Establish the audit objectives and the scope of the audit. At this stage we need to review all the activities involving food service program step by step. This is to identify areas of weakness, why there are negative reviews; why there is such a small budget allocated to such important segment in the student’s activity in the campus. Also we will be  able to identify whether the appropriate policies and procedures were followed. Is the part time staff working in the 6 food service facilities skilled for the specific job they do? Why there is only part time staffing and no full time jobs; if there are enough employees considering the large division of food service included 6 cafeterias and restaurants plus residential food service. 3. The following step is: The audit methodology. In this stage of the audit process we will be able to gather additional information by interviewing individuals involved in all aspects of the student services division. We will be asking questions in order to determine if there are possible weaknesses that can have a major impact of the effectiveness of the operating and managing the 6 restaurants and cafeterias as well as the residential food service. We will be interviewing the part time staff about the schedule they have, if there are any complaints, if there is enough coverage at specific time of the day i.e. morning and lunch – for the cafeterias and the restaurants. We will be interviewing the students and teachers about the hours of operation of the locations of the food service – they should be open late and they are actually closing early. We will be asking questions about the meal plans and find out if there is anything to improve on 4. The next step is: Determine the audit criteria. This very important step in the audit program will help us identify some of the criteria we can use in order to better assess the practices in the food service division. Budgeting The food service division must have a well established budget and a cost control in place and overseen by qualified staff. Price Management There should be a price verification policy in place to manage better the price of meals provided by the restaurants and the cafeteria – in comparison to other food providers around the campus (beat the price) Staffing there must be a criteria that analyze and conform with the labor standards –  achieve and surpass the minimum wage for the part time employees Food Quality and diversity there should be put in place a more divers meal plan based on the requirements and suggestions from the customers (students –divers ethnicity) new standards for nutritional meals are put in place and need to be followed Food locations management the standards for cleanliness and sanitation that are put in place need to be followed surveys will be handed out or on line surveys to measure the customer satisfaction 5. The following step is: Preparing staffing plans and time budgets At this stage in the audit plan we are dealing with establishing the budget necessary to accomplish the audit scope and the staff required to accomplish the plan in a timely manner. Since we are dealing with specifics in food industry – we have identified areas where there is not enough expertise from our team; therefore we require an additional external consultant (possible a nutritionist that possess the necessary knowledge). For the satisfaction survey we will be using the expertise of the actual marketing staff from the service department to create and implement the survey. 6. The next step is: Communication with management Subsequently, the audit plan needs to be discussing with the management. We will set up time for a meeting with the management to discuss the details over the purpose of the audit. We need to discuss further about the time allocated to the audit plan and go over each proposal for the relevant criteria that was chosen. In the meeting we will highlight the importance of the management active contribution and support to the audit process.

Risk Assessment with Relation to Falls in the Home in the...

This assignment will focus on the issue of Risk Assessment with relation to falls in the home in the elderly population. It will discuss the relationship between the community healthcare team and the individual client, the government policies related to the topic, and the influences of health policy upon the provision of community care. The role of the community nurse in public health education and promotion will also be explored. The client, in this particular instance, is Mrs Pugh. She is an 84-year-old female who lives alone since her husbands death 3 years ago. Mrs Pugh has a previous medical history of unexplained falls. Her medical records also highlight the fact she is suffering from†¦show more content†¦Research for health promotion derives from public health and epidemiology, which is concerned with the pattern of disease in a population. Last (1994) describes epidemiology as completing the clinical picture. Research has a much higher profile in Health Authorities and Health Organisations today. Policy and service provision is expected to be based on research and practitioners are encouraged to base their practice on evidence. The Department of Health (DoH) has insisted on reliable research, which evaluates practice and procedures as well as the knowledge gained from individual professional experiences (DoH 1993). Funding for health promotion research may come from Health Authorities or a Health Education Authority. A shift towards consumerism and accountability in the National Health Service (NHS) has increased interest in qualitative research, which gives people a voice (Naidoo and Wills 1999). The principles of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Health For All Strategy (WHO 1985) accept that health is a relative concept and illness must be taken into account when trying to promote health. 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The Legacy Of The Magna Carta - 994 Words

The Magna Carta was a document created by the people in England who were struggling due to all the taxation demanded by the king. The poor, the clergy, and noble men united and forced King John to sign this constitution which gave the people certain rights, and privileges, which in turn limited the king s power. This constitution would later on be considered the base for a new form of government in the new world. The Magna Carta emphasized a limit on the government’s power and gave the people more liberty and rights. This document prevented the king from taxing the people as often as he pleased, and required him to get a consent before doing so. It also made the law applicable to everyone including the king, and took away the king s power to be the judge on any trials. From the 13th to early 17th century, the English had established a form of government that combined the power of the people to that of the monarch. However, by early 17th century, after the death of queen Elizabeth I, a new scottish king was appointed to rule over England. King Charles believed in absolutism, and the Divine Right of Kings, a belief that kings and queens were chosen to rule by god, and were meant to control the people, and the people were meant to obey and serve the appointed ruler. By mid 17th century, however, after King charles dismisses the constitution of the people, decreasing rapidly in popularity, and attempts to force catholic religion on the English, many people start to fleeShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of Magna Carta1205 Words   |  5 PagesIn the face of modern terror, the Magna Carta is irrelevant One of the greatest legacies of Magna Carta is that no one is above the law. In forcing King John to sign the document, the barons wanted to limit his arbitrary rule. Clause 39 states that â€Å"No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised [dispossessed] or exiled or in any way destroyed, nor will we go upon him nor send upon him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land. To no one will we sell, toRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Magna Carta1921 Words   |  8 PagesThe Magna Carta Democracy in the world today was influenced by events that took place many years ago when Aristotle was still alive. Those events that took place in the thirteenth century created the form of democracy that countries still use today (Synan). The Magna Carta was a document that was originally created by rebel barons in England which served as the country’s constitution, putting an end to the power of their monarch, King John. The infrastructure of the Magna Carta was replicated inRead MoreThe United States Constitution: A Historical Representation of Political and Social Thought993 Words   |  4 Pagesand social thought. The first precedent the framers drew on was the Magna Carta, which was first issued in 1215 and is one of the oldest written constitutional texts in history (Worcester, 2010, p. 451). The Magna Carta (or Great Charter), was developed by powerful feudal lords in England, and it was an attempt to limit the power of the king by forcing him to agree to certain limitations and rights. Although the Magna Carta reinforced a number of inequalities that were present in society at theRead MoreThe Magna Carta Is The Cornerstone Of The Individual Liberties Essay1806 Words   |  8 PagesThe Magna Carta is among those historical texts that are frequently cited, rarely read, and even more rarely understood. I came across it for the first time at Law school, where it was taught as â€Å"a historic text of immeasurable constitutional importance†. I conscientiously wrote this down – we didn’t have laptops in those days - and then quickly forgot it. I forgot it because I never u nderstood the real significance of the document until recently. The Magna Carta is the cornerstone of the individualRead MoreLooking Back at the Middle Ages1485 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Magna Carta. Secondly, was the Black Death (also known as the Bubonic Plague that affected the religious, social, and economic aspects. An event that affected the religious and economic aspects were the Crusades. There was also the rise of the Ottoman Empire which affected the social, political, and economic aspects.Finnally, there was the Hundred Years war that affected the political aspects. The Magna Carta was one of the most significant events of the Middle Ages. The Magna Carta wasRead MoreThe Medieval Period Of The Middle Ages1183 Words   |  5 PagesCharlemagne supported education, one of his goals was to provide an educated clergy. The educated clergy was usually a group of religious servants, performing administrative duties for the government. Furthermore, to continue Greco-Roman cultural legacy he made Christianity the domain religion in regions of Western Europe. However, Charles the Great was challenged as â€Å"Emperor of the Romans† because â€Å"Emperor of the Romans† rightfully belongs to Carolingian family. Yet in the act into reviving theRead MoreThe Medieval Period Essay1167 Words   |  5 Pagesof Magna Carta in 1215 by King John. This was the first ever constitution, created to reign in Johns manic behavior and to ensure the safety of the barons positions. Another relevant role of the medieval period was the development of parl iament later in the period. It is of high relevance to society today – as the controlling force of the country arose from the proposed council of 25 (Magna Carta) and developed into the fully fledged House of Commons and Lords that we know today. Magna Carta alsoRead MoreThe Supreme Court Essay2296 Words   |  10 Pagesnature, the founding fathers intended for the first Congressional Contingent to build the workings of the court. Inspirations for such a Federal legal system arose from several sources. Chiefly among these sources was British Common Law and the Magna Carta. The first Congress built the Supreme Court in its original form of six judges, and from there, the court evolved in the early 19th century and exerted its influence on the development of the United States of America. The founding fathers whoRead MoreAre human rights innate and universal? Essay1688 Words   |  7 Pagesprotests and movements, addressing political, economic and moral affairs. The Magna Carta of 1215 that was instigated by King John of England was a Charter concerned with the people of his land, directed towards their liberty and political rights (Sharp, 2006) and influenced the development of human rights. Although at the time it was seen as a dramatic change in social structure and independence for the better, the Magna Carta did not include slaves, commoners and women of the country. The Charter ofRead MoreNo Open Report On The Declaration Of Independence1571 Words   |  7 Pagesgrievances against British pioneer arrangement, engaging generally to freedoms and benefits guaranteed under the English constitution and the regular law. Affirmations and petitions of this sort were themselves part of the English protected custom, from Magna Carta in 1215 through the 1689 Bill of Rig hts. The center area of the Declaration of Independence tails this example, specifying objections against the lord and Parliament asserting sacred infringement, illegal statutes, and demonstrations of persecution

Harlem And The Harlem Renaissance Essay - 2269 Words

During the 1920s and early 1930s nearly half a million African Americans migrated to the northern cities, in a movement called the Great Migration. Many of the southern African Americans migrated to a city called Harlem in New York. They relocated due to dogmatism and intolerance of melanin diverging out the of pores of many white southerners. The African Americans who migrated found new opportunities both economic and artistic that resulted to the creation of a stable middle class Black –Americans (Dover, 2006). This was the Harlem Renaissance a cultural, social, and artistic explosion. The core of Harlem expressed by Alain Locke is that through art, â€Å"negro life is seizing its first chances for group expression and self-determination.† (The New Negro 1925) Harlem became the center of a literary movement and a â€Å"spiritual coming of age† in which Locke’s â€Å"New Negro† transformed â€Å"social disillusionment to race pride.† The Har lem Renaissance facilitated the rebirth of African American literature, identity, and the birth of black pride. The great works â€Å"Passing†, â€Å"Miss Cynthie†, and â€Å"The City of Refuge† depict this new Negro movement in different classes of Harlem that took place during this great cultural and artistic awakening. â€Å"The migration of over a million Black people from the Deep South to Northern industrial cities was vital to the unprecedented flourishing of Black artistic and intellectual life known collectively as the Harlem Renaissance.† (Alphonso Walter Grant andShow MoreRelatedHarlem And The Harlem Renaissance1430 Words   |  6 Pagesmoved in to urban cities such as Chicago, Detroit, and Harlem. Out of these northern metropolises, the most popular was Harlem; â€Å"here in Manhattan (Harlem) is not merely the largest Negro community in the world, but the first concentration in history of so many diverse element of Negro life†(1050). Harlem became the mecca of black people, and between the years of 1920 and the late 1930s it was known as the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance, brought artiest, poets, writers, musicians, and intelligentRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance850 Words   |  4 Pages Giselle Villanueva History IB Mr. Flores February 7, 2016 Period 4 Word Count: 693 Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was the first period in the history of the United States in which a group of black poets, authors, and essayist seized the opportunity to express themselves. The Great Migration was the movement of six million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North during 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationistRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1154 Words   |  5 PagesIV AP 16 November 2015 The Harlem Renaissance The early 1900s was a time marked with tragedy in America. Started and ended with the Great Depression in between, it was not America s finest moment. 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The primary means of cultural expression during the Harlem Renaissance were literature and poetry, alth ough visual art, dramaRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement, in the early 1920’s, that involved vibrancies of new life, ideas, and perceptions. The large migration of African Americans northward, after World War I, allowed people of color the opportunity to collaborate in the New York City neighborhood, known as Harlem. This renaissance allowed the city to thrive on a refined understanding and appreciation of the arts. Many individuals were involved in this movement including doctors, students, shopkeepers,Read MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1317 Words   |  6 Pagesday is the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is the cultural movement of the 1920’s. The movement essentially kindled a new black cultural identity through art, literature and intellect. The Harlem Renaissance started during the Roaring Twenties. 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They also sought to break free of Victorian moral values and bourgeois shame about aspects ofRead MoreHarlem Renaissance1248 Words   |  5 PagesHarlem Renaissance Brian Williamson Professor 11/25/2012 Strayer University Claude McKay was Jamaican American who moved from Jamaica to the United States in 1912. He attended the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. This is where he received his first taste of racism here in America and this would have a drastic effect on his future writing. He left the Tuskegee Institute to attend school in Manhattan, Kansas. Mr. McKay then moved to New York invested in a restaurant and got married. The restaurantRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1145 Words   |  5 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance In Harlem between the 1920’s and 1930’s the African American culture flourished, especially in areas such as music, art, literature, dance, and even in film. This soon became known as the Harlem Renaissance. With the entire positive and the negative situations of this time period the African Americans still seemed to have it all. The Harlem Renaissance came about because of the changes that had taken place in the African American community after the abolition of slavery

Communication and Corporate Reputation System †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Communication and Corporate Reputation System. Answer: Introduction Crisis management is an important part in an organization for reducing the damage caused due to the ineffectiveness. For gaining the adequacy in the organization and managing the gaps, it is advised by the business organization (Booth, 2015). The purpose of crises management plan is to understand the situation and analysing the potential loss and effects of certain things. This is important from the point of developing the effectiveness of a project. This is certain for a business to develop the goals that will allow in managing the sustainable resources and availability in terms of attaining effectiveness (Jin, Liu Austin, 2014). It is therefore suggested to develop an efficient plan that allow in gaining efficiency against a problem. This is certainly important in maintaining a level in order to secure better goal. Pre-developed crisis-management planning allow in securing effectiveness and developing planning system. This has an efficiency to mitigate the consequences that are ca used due to an activity on the organization (White, 2016). The following plan is based on evaluating the crisis in a better way. This somehow allow in managing the risk. In the given situation, the problem occurred due to ignorance of the instructor however this Formula will allow in considering the changes and applying the most concrete plan. Research: Specifically it is evident from the point of view of gaining the adequate result and managing the team results and allocating the procedure. By identifying the different course of action that is attached to an activity it is possible to manage the situation in a proactive way (Seitel, 2017). This is necessary for organizing the function and putting forward an example which will be helping in allocating the necessary results. This is important to allocate the changes in a pre-defined way by initiating the changes (Ki Nekmat, 2014). The overall purpose here is to guarantee the necessary functions and initiating the organizational growth. Analysis: The purpose of presenting forward the report is to safeguard the brand image. The sub-team composition has to look into the upcoming changes and proceeding accordingly (Coombs, 2014). The internal organizational changes are important enough to consolidate the changes and matching up their expectations. The external procedure and meeting has to be managed accurately that will help in allocating the best outcome. In order to match the expectations of the organization it is important to allocate the function and putting the best use of the resources (Coombs, 2015). This strategy will help in overcoming the ineffectiveness and dispute that is caused in the management of the organization. Communication: It is necessary from the point of view of gaining adequate results. The purpose of this plan is to attain organizational value that is necessary for occupying the place. It is important to manage the changes at a constant rate. This is effective from the point of view of generating adequate results. This is important to locate the most possible outcome and allocating the possible results. The changes can be managed by adjusting to the contingencies and applying the best possible outcome through the process of managing adequacy (Harrison, 2016). The existing issue occurred due to ignorance at gymnastic centre. The organization faced serious allegation posed due to the accident of 8year old boy. However the centre took strict measures in beginning. Every centre in the organization has to follow certain set of rules and regulations. Evaluation: This will help in managing the changes and allocating the best possible result. The accident caused due to ignorance which is rarest in the other cases (Drennan, McConnell Stark, 2014). Situational analysis The accident was caused due to the ignorant nature of one of the member. This has caused a huge damage to the organization reputation. However we are consistently taking measures to take care of all the kids. The centre has highly equipped training machines and trainers. Utmost care is been given to the kids and it is always managed from the point of view of giving better facilities and care unit (Cornelissen Cornelissen, 2017). The purpose here is to understand the customers by keeping in mind the utmost priority and dealing with the different mindset. The crises are always under control and prior action are been taken to safeguard the kids. From the point of view of organizational growth, it is always important to look after the individual needs and developing each and every individual needs (Theaker, 2017). This will certainly allow in allocating the most effective issues. The possible result is to guarantee the changes and allocating the most possible outcome. The purpose is to indicate the changes and allocating the best possible outcome by understanding the needs and possible results. The order here is important from the point of view of understanding the issue and working accordingly. It is evident for the company to manage the situation (Whitten Coombs, 2017). It is important to manage the situation and allocating the best possible and understandable outcome. The purpose for the crisis management is to identify the series of issue and arranging possible outcome in order to avail possibility. The series of changes in the company were implemented after the happening of the event. This was done in order to avoid happening of such events in the future. The possible measures are taken in order to avoid the situation. It is therefore important from the point of generating better opportunities (Carroll, 2015). The possible outcome is to understand the necessary measures and delivering the outcome thereafter. The purpose is to understand the nature of the sit uation and putting forward the most effective situation for the betterment of the kids. The effective measures were taken keeping in mind the nature of the work and by understanding the most necessary and effective measures. The possibility can be arranged by keeping in mind the basic quality and output. This will certainly help in understanding the situation and following a general focus (Doppelt, 2017). Such a situation is important to be handles with care by keeping forward the most favourable and effective rule. This has a potential to manage the results and gaining adequacy. The purpose of the company is to understand the role and maintaining the desired results in order to gain proper role. Suggested measures to control crisis For the management perspective, it is necessary to put forward the necessary role and putting in from the deliverable outcome that are taken after such an instance. The organization witnessed such a situation for the first time and has taken steps to eliminate occurrence of such an event. This is important enough for managing the situation and developing strategies to gain adequacy. The organization has come across challenges due to such an event. The necessary purpose is to attain better policies and procedure which will help in managing the situation. The purpose here is to attain the most possible outcome in order to generate the results in order to persuade the other people to use the services. The purpose here is to understand the services and use them consistently. The overall campaign is focusing on the changes and allocating the best possible outcome. The crisis management plan is therefore important enough to address the changes and allocating them in a better way. This has a potential role in gaining adequacy and generating role and responsibility. For the purpose of gaining effectiveness and betterment of the organization, it is necessary to resolve the issue and provide with a better plan. This will allow in maintaining a balance and generating outcome for the company. It is therefore important enough for attaching itself to the better services and future value. The organization has gained better role and responsibility in order to mitigate the flaws. The changes are very well implemented in the organization in order to achieve goal. The services are replenished with a focus to attain designated roles and responsibility. For the purpose of maintaining organizational goals and development, it is important to focus on maintaining effectiveness and gearing up to form adequate result. The purpose here is to maintain the effectiven ess for the long term and availing the most possible outcome that will allow in managing effectiveness. The purpose here is to attain desired results and organizing the long term effectiveness in order to ensure long term sustainable outcome. The purpose of the organization is to attain better and focused results and maintaining effectiveness. This is important enough for achieving goals and marking the better role and responsibility. For the purpose of gaining focused growth and development, it is important to gain a role and managing the adequacy at work. This strategy will certainly help in allocating the possible outcome. The purpose of the company is to manage the results and gaining effectiveness. It is important enough for maintaining the adequacy and allocating the effective role. The purpose is to sustain the changes and managing relative growth. This is important to attain focused results and helping in managing the adequacy and allocating the formal development of the organization. The focused resources and growth is important enough for maintaining a unified approach. This approach will help in administering the changes and developing the effective growth. The purpose of the organization is to maintain the changes and allocating effective growth that will help in managing role and responsibility. The purpose is to manage the changes and gearing up with the changes. The purpose of the company is to attain the adequacy and forming the possible outcome. It is systematic from the point of view of developing adequate results and forming most possible outcome. The necessary way to reduce the ineffectiveness is to generate better outcome and forming the efficiency. The possible way is to understand the necessary outcome that will help in synching the facility and measuring the probable loss (Villeneuve Pasquier, 2017). Conclusion The purpose of the organization is to attain the definite results and appealing to meet the definite results. The role of the organization is to manage the changes and developing the probable focus in order to develop an effective crisis management plan. This plan is important to focus on allocating the possible outcome. It is necessary for maintaining the capacity and organizing the focus in a better way. This is necessary for managing the organizational ineffectiveness and putting forward the most possible way to overcome challenges. These possible barriers can only be managed if the organization is focused on forming a better strategy that will help in assuring a better crisis management plan. The primary focus of PR is to sustain the challenges and take an initiative in order to gain competent results. For the purpose there are well-trained instructors providing specialized training to the kids. This has served as an important part in managing the crises. The focus is to allocate the possible changes and managing the effective role and responsibility. The purpose is to organize the results and making the most of it. The overall purpose is to attain the proportional growth and measuring the challenges. This will help in understanding the situation and attaining the most probable outcome. The focus is to state an effective and possible status in order to gain effective goal. The activity will certainly allow in measuring the changes and putting forward the best possible outcome. The purpose is to deal with the situation and arranging the most probable focus in order to attain the results. For the organization, it is however effective to understand the situation in order to manage the effectiveness. It is necessary for managing the long-term effectiveness and allocating the possible feedback. The purpose is to understand the changes and facilitating a correct approach. This will certainly allow in managing the changes and facilitating the growth. For the organizational point of view, it is important to find out an effective facility that will allow in managing the changes. References Booth, S. A. (2015).Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Carroll, C. E. (Ed.). (2015).The handbook of communication and corporate reputation(Vol. 49). John Wiley Sons. Coombs, W. T. (2014).Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Sage Publications. Coombs, W. T. (2015). The value of communication during a crisis: Insights from strategic communication research.Business Horizons,58(2), 141-148. Cornelissen, J., Cornelissen, J. P. (2017).Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Doppelt, B. (2017).Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for business, government and civil society. Routledge. Drennan, L. T., McConnell, A., Stark, A. (2014).Risk and crisis management in the public sector. Routledge. Harrison, S. (Ed.). (2016).Disasters and the media: Managing crisis communications. Springer. Jin, Y., Liu, B. F., Austin, L. L. (2014). Examining the role of social media in effective crisis management: The effects of crisis origin, information form, and source on publics crisis responses.Communication research,41(1), 74-94. Ki, E. J., Nekmat, E. (2014). Situational crisis communication and interactivity: Usage and effectiveness of Facebook for crisis management by Fortune 500 companies.Computers in Human Behavior,35, 140-147. Seitel, F. P. (2017).Practice of Public Relations. Pearson Education. Theaker, A. (2017). What is public relations?. InThe Public Relations Strategic Toolkit(pp. 17-27). Routledge. Villeneuve, J. P., Pasquier, M. (2017).Marketing management and communications in the public sector. Routledge. White, C. M. (2016).Social media, crisis communication, and emergency management: Leveraging Web 2.0 technologies. CRC press. Whitten, R. L., Coombs, W. T. (2017). Crisis Communication.The Handbook of Financial Communication and Investor Relations, First Edition, 23-32.